Improvement in lamps



M.V'L. CALLEN'DER, I

Lam p.

Patented April 28, 1863.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MILLS L. GALLENDEB, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.-

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 38,284, dated April 28, 1853.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MILLS L. GALLENDER, of New rork, N. Y., have invented a new and useful Improvement in Lamps and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification.

My invention consists in employing vulcanized india-rubber, (caoutchouc,) gutta-percha, or similar material for the body of the lamp or oil-receptacle, as represented at Figure 1, A, and attaching a metallic collar to the top in the usual way. This collar has screwed into it simply the cup B, with perforated bottom, (better seen at Fig. 2,) containing the wicktube 0 and ratchet-wheel D. The collar has a groove, into which fits the loop-spring E, firmly secured by the hooked end F, or the loop-spring may be secured to the burner above the collar. This spring is also extended to form the coil X for the handle of the lamp, the end of the coil being secured to an elliptical spring, (shown at a, Fig. 3,) which answers as a thumb-piece to the handle in an ordinary lamp, or works in the slide G (best seen at Fig. 4) in chimney-lamps, this slide having its end turned up to form a thumbpiece, H, and theother end secured to or a part of the perforated chimney-holder I. This perforated disk has secured to its under side the cap or cover J, Fig. 5, which rests in the top of the cup B, and is connected to and lifts with the chimney-holder I. At the top of the chimney I employ a corrugated case, M, with orifices at 2 2 2, near the bottom, entering the convex corrugations. This case extends somewhat above the glass chimney. Above the chimney I attach a cap, N, supported a little above the chimney by the bent supports 3 3 3, which are cut out in the same piece of metal with the caps. (See Figs. 6 and 7.) I also use a metallic shade-reflector, 0, Fig. 1, of small size, secured by the springslide P, and generally intended to rest very low on the chimney, its proximity to the tlame allowing a much smaller shade than usual. This shade-reflector may be flat, convex, concave, 800., but the best form is shown at Fig. 8, where the center is convex and the periphery concave.

Its under surface should be highly polished, but the upper or outer side may be rough, stained, japanned, or the like.

Fig. 9 represents the top of the lamp with chimney-holder and appliances slid one side by the aid of the slide G, as shown by the red lines. Fig. 10 shows another style of springcoil and handle, which is superior, inasmuch as lifting the attached disk and appliances serves to tighten the spring, which reacts more readily.

The advantages are Obtaining alamp-body or oil-receptacle for lamps that will not dent or tarnish like metal or break like glass, and that will be light and durable; also attaching the handle to the collar or burner instead of the lamp-body, it being easier and more simple, whether soldered or riveted, as usual, or secured by a spring, as in this case. In fact, with vulcanized lamps it is quite essential to secure the handle in some such manner. I also claim the advantages of securing the chimney-holder and cover J and other appli ances to the lamp or burner by a spring and spring-slide, a, and arm G, to keep it firmly pressed down upon the cup B or burner, and at the same time admit of elevating by the thumb-piece H, to light, or slide back entirely from the burner or wick-tube by the horizontal slide G, so that both hands can be employed in filling and trimming when necessary; also, filling the lamp through the orifices in the bottom of the cup B, Fig. 2, part of which are larger than the others, which allows the oil to flow through a part of them and the air to pass out the others; or a small air-vent tube may be supplied. These orifices serve to fill very rapidly and easily, but are too small to admit the gas in the lampbody igniting from the flame, and, as less metal is used, the cost of manufacture is also lessened, compared with other methods. The chimney-case being corrugated and extending above the glass, produces a draft of cold air through the orifices at the bottom and up the corrugations, to keep the glass from heating too rapidly and unequally at the top, thus avoiding unequal expansion and consequent rupture. The cap N protects and increases the draft when the lamp is moved, or when exposed to outward currents of air. The metallic reflector-shade is more durable than paper and the like and may be much smaller,

and by its shape and polished reflective surface greatly economizes the light.

The reflector-shade holder 1? is a very cheap article, cut and formed in one piece of metal.

Having described my invention, What I wish to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. The use and application of vulcanized india-rubber, gutta-percha, or similar material as a lamp-body or the receptacle for oil in combination with a WlCktUbG and burner.

2. Attaching the handle to the top of a lamp or burner in the manner substantially as described by a groove, loop spring, and hook-catch, F.

3. Securing the chimney-holder and appliances to the lamp or burner by a spring for the purposes and in the manner substantially as represented; also combining the spring and handle substantially as represented.

- 4. Using a horizontal slide or springslide attached to the chimney-holder for the purposes and in the manner substantially as represented.

5. The perforated cup B, for the purposes specified.

6. The cover (J) to the perforated cup B, when used in the manner and for the purposes substantially as described.

7. A corrugated metallic chimney-case arranged in the manner and for the purpose substantially as described.

8. Broadly, a lamp-chimney cap, N, or draftprotector, as described, or its equivalent.

9. A metallic reflector to a lamp with an orifice in its center for the chimney to pass through.

10. A central] y perforated metallic reflector to a lamp, in combination with a suspensory or adjustable holder or attachment, whereby 14. A lamp arranged with any or all the v v improvements, substantially as described.

MILLS L. GALLENDER.

Witnesses:

J. B. VVooDRUFF, JULIUS Moss. 

